What does the process of 'data exfiltration' involve?

The process of data exfiltration involves the unauthorized transfer of data from a system or network. This activity typically occurs when an attacker gains access to sensitive information and, rather than simply viewing it, takes steps to remove that data from its original location. Data exfiltration is a critical concern in cybersecurity, as it often signifies that a breach has occurred, and sensitive or valuable information is being taken without permission. This can include personal information, corporate secrets, or any data deemed confidential. The intent behind data exfiltration is often malicious, with the goal of leveraging the stolen data for fraudulent activities, competitive advantage, or other illicit purposes.

The other options focus on practices such as creating system backups, ensuring regulatory compliance, and monitoring data access, which are important for data management and security but do not specifically pertain to the act of removing data without authorization. Understanding the distinction between these processes is essential for recognizing the different threats in the cybersecurity landscape.