What are 'botnets'?

Botnets are defined as networks of compromised computers that are controlled by a single attacker. This configuration allows the attacker to direct the collective resources and capabilities of these infected machines, often without the owners' knowledge. By utilizing the combined power of multiple devices, the attacker can execute large-scale attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, send out spam emails, or distribute malware.

The ability of botnets to coordinate actions across many devices makes them particularly dangerous and effective. The compromised computers, commonly referred to as "bots" or "zombies," may include home PCs, servers, or even IoT devices. This vast network can significantly amplify the attacker's impact, facilitating a range of malicious activities while remaining hidden from the individual users of the compromised machines.

In contrast, other options suggest functions or roles that do not accurately describe what a botnet is or how it operates. For example, systems designed to prevent denial of service attacks focus on defense mechanisms rather than the offensive capabilities inherent in botnets. Similarly, a collection of protected networks and programs that assist in malware analysis do not encompass the defining features of botnets, which center around the coordinated control of compromised devices for malicious purposes.