In the context of MICCC threats, how is "ransomware" defined?

Ransomware is defined as malicious software that encrypts files and demands payment for the decryption key. This type of malware typically infiltrates a system, often through phishing emails or vulnerabilities, and once activated, it locks users out of their files or system. The cybercriminals then demand a ransom, usually in cryptocurrency, to restore access. This can have devastating effects on individuals and organizations, leading to data loss, financial damage, and operational disruption.

This definition distinguishes ransomware from other software types mentioned, as it has a specific malicious intent centered around extortion through data encryption, unlike monitoring tools or data management applications that serve legitimate purposes.